Friday, 15 May 2015

Into the Amazon!




Dec 23rd 2014, 08:00 hours, we landed in Iquitos, 4 deg south of equator- the largest city in the world that cannot be reached by road. Ajay and Arnab squeezed into place in front of the crowded baggage carousel and watched the river of bundled possessions flow past. Sreeja finally spotted our backpacks and while we were on our way to the parking lot together, we were greeted by Carlos, the cheerful driver and representative from the Muyuna Amazon Lodge. Two wheeled and three wheeled motor bikes moved in all directions from all directions and Carlos took the opportunity to display his own stunt driving skills through the spaghetti like traffic. The city centre was a hive of activity. It was alive with people, market stalls, and street salesmen and amidst all; there was the occasional modern office building.
After a short briefing at the Muyuna Lodge office, where we collected our rain boots and water bottles, hopped aboard the motorized boat and cast off into the muddy waters of the mighty Amazon River.  We watched the shore slip by; passed the confluence of Maranon and Ucayali rivers, considered to be the point where Amazon River begins, and sped down the Amazon into the rain forest, the planet’s oldest and most spectacular land habitat.  After an hour and half, the boat stopped for a fifteen minute break at small town. Here we passed by a ferry with passengers and loads of vegetables, fishes and other goods for local market.  As we drifted down the river, we were literally rolling in the bosom of the Selva, as the Peruvian Amazon is known. The Amazon River weaves through the rainforest, with over 1000 tributaries flowing into it. After a three hour boat ride from Iquitos, we reached the Muyuna Lodge located on the bank of Inayako River, a tributary of Amazon River. Nestled deep within the shady confines of Loreto reserve, the lodge would be our home for the next four days. The bungalows were cozy, intimate and provided a just- out- the- front -door access to the enveloping lushness of the wilderness. It was indeed secluded with no cell network, Wi-Fi or TV and the dining area lit up by a few 40 watt bulbs, glowing feebly with generator run electricity until 10 PM. The hot humid weather created a haze that rested heavily on the rainforest and the river. Black clouds rolled in later in the afternoon, bringing in rain and lightning. Once the downpour stopped and after a quick dinner, we set out with our guide Julio on a boat to get a glimpse of the nocturnal life on the river.


As our flashlights reflected off the trees, lianas crisscrossed every level of the rainforest, creating a network of narrow roads travelled by all manner of monkeys, reptiles and insects. Every now and then, I saw a pair of eyes glint in the darkness and I wondered whom they belonged to. Frogs and insects were chirping along with the perpetual hum of cicadas. High above, the call of Potoo- eerily similar to a human- whistle followed us, and just as we turned, Julio spotted a Potoo (an owl like bird) on top of a branch. After taking few pictures, Julio turned the flashlights to the front. We sat peering into the darkness in search of nocturnal creatures. All of a sudden a flock of fishing bats crisscrossed over our head and while we were busy covering our heads ducking to stay clear of the bats, Julio put his hands in the water and fished out a baby Caiman (crocodilian reptile). Voila!! We had the closest view of a spectacled baby Caiman about 18 inches in length. It had a bony ridge between its eyes, which made it look like as if it was wearing a pair of spectacles. The eyes with vertical pupils were positioned high on Caiman’s head allowing it to see above the water while the rest of the body remained submerged. We took turns holding the caiman and posing for pictures. It was indeed comical when Arnab shrieked at the thought that I might drop the caiman on him. Julio released the caiman in the river and it immediately vanished in the abundance of water lettuce. Later we spotted a few small colourful frogs. Finally we decided to call it a day and headed back to our lodge, all excited in anticipation.


Potoo perched on top of a branch












We woke up to the tune of a hundred different Amazonian noises! Julio called us out and we boarded a skiff that took us deep into the mangrove forest.
We were soon out hiking in the forest. Beneath my feet the moss and the leaves were as thick and lush as any carpet. Every step sank an inch, as soon as I put my weight on it. The noise emanating from its recess was louder than ever- a kind of green noise, indelibly live.  There were hundreds of sounds blended together –caw-caws, parrots, parakeets, monkeys, insects, humming birds, all declaring their inarticulate existence in one undifferentiated shriek. It came from all directions at once, everywhere and nowhere, out there and in here.  I closed my eyes and stood dumbstruck; it was so noisy!  At times the jungle seemed as silent as it was dark, and at other times the sounds were almost cacophonous.
Amazon is the home to the most deadly vipers in the world, but we were more freaked out by the bugs. Never had I seen so many insects. There were hundreds of those tiny creatures in all shapes and colours flying around us. They buzzed and hummed around our eyes and bit any bare part possible. Poor Sreeja’s face was swollen with bug bites. She was not willing to wear the head nets when we had left the lodge in the morning, but soon she changed her mind and completely covered her head and face. Under the shadowy maze of tree trunks, we saw a large tarantula crawling out of its silk-lined burrows. The forest floor was full of colourful fungi that grew out of deadwood; colourful bromeliads that peeped out of thick vines. Flowers as big as my head blossomed full beneath the trees; sunlight was scarce this close to the jungle's  
 
floor; the trees spread their roots above the ground in great fan-shaped buttresses draped in moss. After a three hour hike we felt our nerves and will sapping.  Ajay was all bitten on his balding head. In a momentary act of profound conviction, he took the bush cutter from Julio, lifted his arm and yelped pretending to be the Jungle Lord and posed in front of the buttress roots. Arnab did not miss the opportunity and took a memorable photograph. We realised that we had seen and heard enough for one morning. We quickened our pace, our ears filled with sounds, clothes smelling of the jungle and finally we were back at the boat! Sweat trickled down my chest and I sipped on a bottle of water.  We had our breakfast on the boat. The Mangrove trees lined the moist river estuary, with their roots jutting out of the thick river silt. As we paddled down the river, the breeze came up, a pair of white collared hawks watched us from the top of a tree, a three toed sloth hung upside down from the branch, the russet backed Oropendolas were busy picking small tree branches to weave their nest with special skill, a black and white hawk- eagle perched on top of the tree waiting for its favourite prey - the squirrel and the monkey, a gorgeous great Egret groomed  its plumage to improve its looks, the king vulture with the appealing colour of its head and eyes  sat on its favourite spot - the luminous surface of the tree tops . Either to attract or to remain unseen, these combinations of tones and designs that range from classy to outrageous, prove that the feathers of the birds are the best canvas that nature could find to give splendour.  I had brought a camera but it did not help much, as I needed a zoom telephoto lens to capture such special moments; however I tried taking a few pictures and continued watching the flora and fauna through my binoculars.
In the afternoon we paddled along the dense foliage along the banks and the expansive horizon of the cloud forest. Sreeja was very excited this time as we were out with fishing lines and hooks. Using small pieces of meat as bait, we trolled the line behind, almost immediately the line jerked and hand over hand Sreeja pulled in a small Piranha. In the end we caught six fishes between the four of us. On our way back Julio pointed at some prehistoric birds- The Hoatzin, a strange bird with prehistoric appearance, which is considered one of the oldest bird species on earth.  The sky was shimmering curtain of crimson, violet and gold. Sreeja, Arnab and Ajay looked more tired and ragged than I had ever seen them. I probably looked no better, but focusing on the forest helped me to rejuvenate my senses.
Back at lodge in the evening Ajay produced a bag of Haldiram snacks and next moment his hand disappeared once again and he magically pulled out a bottle of “Old Monk Rum”, an old favourite poison for us. He also organised a bottle of Cachaca, a local Amazonian alcohol. What a way to celebrate our entry to the jungle on the Christmas Eve. Unscrewing the top and taking a big swig, we toasted -Wow!!  Here’s to the Amazon jungle!!
Day 3, Dec 25th, we went hiking in the morning through the forest. The jungle remained unbroken, thick and foreboded. A mother monkey and two infants broke apart at our approach and disappeared into the trees and branches. We could hear the motions of branches and the rustling of leaves. Mixed herd of spider monkeys, capuchin monkeys and squirrel monkeys, pigmy marmoset moved forward through the tree tops, terrified but strangely in silence. Probably the fearsome black and chestnut eagle had attacked them.  It was warm and the sky above us was festooned with small clouds. We walked back to the lodge and had our breakfast.  It was time to take a skiff ride to see the macaws. We spotted two blue and yellow macaws fighting for space on the branch over the Itaya River. Next we saw a flock of red macaws and a pair of parakeet flying across the blue sky
The birds spread seeds, contribute to the Amazonian scenery with the glamour of both their singing and colourful plumage. Facing such undeniable truth, one can only exclaim, just like Columbus did, that “we feel especially attracted“!
In the afternoon, we visited a neighbouring village – Tansiyako. Our guide, Julio had met his wife in this village, so he had soft corner for Tansiyako. The villagers displayed some handicraft, handmade jeweleries for sale. The local boys played a competitive game of soccer. It was interesting to observe the rain harvesting techniques used by the villagers.
The Fer-de lance
Darkness arrived suddenly. Julio took us out for a short hike from the lodge before the Christmas dinner. The mosquitoes were a voracious airborne scourge, yet we were out with our flash lights, boots and head nets. Suddenly Julio spotted a snake –Fer-de-Lance in the wild and a little later two huge glowing bull frogs. While I was trying my best to focus with my camera, Arnab freaked and kept pulling me back and away.
After an hour we were back to the dining room for the Christmas dinner, a meal of chicken, salad, rice, plantain, fried piranha. There were visitors from all over the world and everyone was happy to be in the company of his fellow adventurer. As one told a tale the others appreciated, one offered a song the others swayed to the tune. It might also have been the Old Monk Rum which did most of the talking!
May 26th was our last day in the cloud forest. We had our morning tea and then a skiff ride for an hour. On the way, our guide and his partner pulled the skiff 50 feet into the river foliage, to show us the amazing giant lily pads which had sharp spines on their underside to stop aquatic animals from eating them. After taking a close look at the lily pads, we headed towards a bay, where we had our breakfast onboard. The first harbingers of excitement were the pink and grey dolphins. We heard them gulping down air before we saw the first one. They sporadically broke the surface, grabbed a quick breath and dove back to the mucky depths. The guide steered the skiff to a point where the river was wide and the water was clearer, it was time for us to take a dip in the river. Hours slipped by quickly, as the boat slowly and steadily continued down the river. The river meandered in infinite oxbows, forks and loops as winded its way through the jungle. We found ourselves lost among the tree choked mazes, in which water current seemed to disappear. Just then we spotted a green Iguana lurking on the tree branches. Iguanas can grow to be 6.6 feet (2 m) long.
Back at the lodge we had a quick lunch and it was time to bid goodbye. I saw a hummingbird flying backwards. The jungle was indeed magical! I could not turn around and go back. Every sound, every glimpse will remain a unique memory etched in the corner of my mind! Amazonia is and will remain Phenomena!!


  
 NB:: Special thanks to Carol Schaer for sharing her Amazonia photographs

Monday, 16 February 2015

Inca trail to Machu Picchu and Cuzco



General view of Machu Picchu with the Quarry in the foreground


Dec 21st, 2014, 06:00 hours, we boarded the flight to Cuzco from Lima. We watched the spectacular sunrise while flying over the Andes. There was snow on the higher peaks, yellow and orange sun rays peeking through scattered clouds.
Cuzco

As a child I had read “Prisoners of the Sun”, a sequel to the “Seven Crystal Balls” where Tintin and Captain Haddock traveled to Peru to rescue Prof Calculus. The mystery of the hidden Inca habitat and the way tales about its existence reached the civilized world in rumours and whispers had kept me glued to the book.
Plaza de Armas
The pilot made an announcement that the plane would land in 20 minutes and I drifted back into the present. We landed in Cuzco ready to follow the footsteps of the Incas. The taxi driver from the travel agent met us with a big smile at the airport and helped us load our back packs in the boot. We drove down to the hotel first for a short briefing on the trip and then headed into the mountains, driving through the old city of Cuzco, the capital of the great Inca Empire. We drove past the famous Plaza de Armas. It was the square of the warriors that had seen great bloodshed. The panoramic view of the plaza, with the cathedral to the left and the Jesuit church to the right, the wooden balconies and the arcades under the crisp morning sun indeed made us feel the history. The square had witnessed executions, bullfights and processions including "Corpus Christi" and "Lord of Earthquakes". Over the next one and half hours we drove past the majestic ruins, enjoying the striking views of Peruvian mountains, local villages before finally reaching the quaint Ollantaytambo railway station.
The village of Ollantayambo  is located on the valley of a tributary of the Urubamba river. It remains the best preserved example of the Inca urban planning. While walking down to the railway station from the parking area, we found ourselves in a riot of colours. Lined across both sides of the street, the vendors gathered proudly to display their wares and artefacts.

Vistadom train 
Soon we reached the railway station, which was perched on a small, exposed platform facing the picturesque mountains. A café at the station reminded us that it was time for a cup of coffee. The Vistadom train arrived at 10:00 AM. We took our seats on the gorgeous train, surrounded entirely by glass and wagon, with large panoramic windows. The forty three mile journey from Ollantaytambo to Machu Picchu through the sacred valley took us one hour and thirty minutes. It stopped at Urubamba station for 10 minutes on the way. We delighted in the amazing views of the sacred valley as we travelled to Machu Picchu. The train followed the Urubamba River as it looped around the Machu Picchu trail. We arrived Machu Picchu station at noon time. Shortly after, our guide met us at the station with pack lunches. The weather was perfect for hiking and after having a light lunch, we were on our way to the roof of Andes, breathing in pure mountain air by lungful. After an hour of climbing the legendary Inca trail, we arrived at the cloud forest citadel of Machu Picchu, located at an altitude of 2453m. “Machu Picchu” meaning “Old Mountain” is an enigmatic city, that Incas built mid 15 century. The city served as a home of the Incas elite theocratic nobility. It remained safely undiscovered from the barbarity of the Iberian Peninsula for reasons still unknown. For many centuries it lay hidden out of reach from Conquistadors, cloaked by Cuzco’s high jungle. In 1911, an American explorer Hiram Bingham discovered Machu Picchu using local farmers as guides and stumbled upon Machu Picchu
Houses of the Guardians

 There are plenty of memorable moments on the hike, but nothing comparable to the moment when we caught our first glimpse of the forgotten city of Machu Picchu. It was not just an accomplishment, it was a transformative moment. Our guide filled us with historical facts and anecdotes. 





Inside Nusta's palace- the inclination of the walls and the beautiful trapezoidal niches

We walked past the terraced cultivation sites and simple stone houses, with water drainage system, located in the southern side of the Inca citadel. We stopped at the watch tower, crowning the agricultural sector of the complex. At last Machu Picchu seemed close enough to hit with a Frisbee. We posed for photographs against the breathtaking backdrop.



Nusta's palace on the left, behind is the tower of the temple of the sun and in the background it can be seen the sun emerging from behind the peak of Huayna Picchu mountain
 After climbing a few stone stairs, we walked into a beautiful trapezoidal door which was entry to the urban sector. Here there were rows of buildings with windows facing the Urubamba River. Nusta palace, Royal tomb, King’s quarter, Sun temple, was some of the main attraction in this sector.  The stonework at Machu Picchu is the most conspicuous aspect of its brilliance. It’s a civil engineering marvel. They are famous for the jigsaw puzzle masonry. How the Incas in 1400s, who possessed no iron tools, no draft animals and no wheeled vehicles, carved and transported these stones is still a mystery. We spotted a Southern Viscacha , an Andean type of rodent perched in one of the niches of the king’s bedroom.  After crossing the courtyard of the king’s quarter, we proceeded towards the Intihuatana pyramid. It’s located at the top of urban sector. This was a sundial, which indicated the position of the summer and winter solstice, information for the farmers to ensure plentiful harvest.

Intihuatana pyramid located on top of the urban sector


Next we passed by the temple of three windows, a group buildings with narrow passages and streets connecting them together and then interesting large building in the industrial sector featuring a double row of trapezoidal niches.
Sreeja, our daughter shrieked with delight. She had spotted some Llamas at the other end of the main square. It reminded her of the Llama spitting on Captain Haddock’s face in the Tintin adventure book. Arnab by this time was bitten all over by the mysterious invisible flies. He was wearing shorts and had red pin dots all over his legs and his plight reminded us of Captain Haddock’s encounter with the forest bugs. Whilst Sreeja thrilled patting the Llamas, we sat down under a shade, munched a quinoa bar and gazed at the sea of tourists. American retirees in matching T shirts, Spanish speaking men in sport coats and ascot, Japanese tourist walking silently in a single file, each carrying a Prada bag, male trekkers speaking German, and the college age couples with dilated pupils, tried to look in all directions at once. Over the next hour, we made the long walk out of the complex, made a last climb to the lookout point.
When I stood atop Mount Machu Picchu, and saw how the site aligned with the natural features surrounding it, I felt a twinge of awe! Transcendence! Whoever planned the Machu Picchu, also had to construct a royal city that could withstand Andean rainstorms, landslides that are capable of wiping out train lines and villages
Soon it was time for us to return and we queued up to get on the bus to Machu Picchu railway station, all exhausted, itchy with bug bites. The exclusivity of being amongst travellers , who have often waited years to see the Machu Picchu and journeyed from around the world, made the mundane task of queuing for the bus seem almost alluring.
Machu Picchu, indeed a Shangri la!!


Two trapezoidal doors in the king's quarters, one door below to the study and other to the bedroom, they are separated by the courtyard




View of the entrance of the city from the inside of the city walls. The security mechanisms built into the wall that allows the placement of a heavy plank to block the entrance. The upper stone ring was used to elevate the plank and allow for adjustment
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A general view of the eastern urban sector, from right to left, the upper group, the three front building and the industrial sector



 Row of buildings- these buildings consisted of two floors and a structure to support the roof that was made of wood and dry straw
From the king's quarters courtyard





Royal tomb

Windows facing the Urubamba river canyon and Putucusi Mountain










                                        The  King's Quarters 

Beautiful trapezoidal window that crown the top of the pyramid



The main square that separates the eastern sector with the western side of the city




Northern side of Machu Picchu- The two huayrana that flank the sacred rock and the Huayna Picchu mountain
The temple with three windows

A general view of the upper urban sector
Southern Viscacha- an Andean rodent


A ring that is carved into a rock beside the way  that leads to Intihuatana. It's function is unknown, for sure it's purpose was not solely decorative

Tuesday, 28 October 2014

Saga of Golden Twilight!



A newsletter with subject line, “Partial Solar Eclipse, Thursday afternoon- Oct 23rd, 2014  
from Chris Vaughan – Geophysicist, member of Royal Astronomical Society of Canada caught my attention. My heart leapt into a gallop.

It brought back memories of my grandparents and their house in a small village named Panchthupi, located in Bengal an eastern province of India. Those days, at the beginning of May, frequent power outages during a heat spell of 40 degree plus Celsius meant that the terrace was the coolest place to hang out. The cooling evening breeze was like a soothing balm to our minds after the heat of the day.  Watching the night sky slowly darken, as the stars became visible to the naked eye, laying comfortably on a leaf floor mat on the terrace of a house set within a tropical coconut grove while listening to my Dadu’s (grandfather) nail biting encounters during the 2nd world war, was quite an enchanting experience. He would tell me stories of Hindu mythology and I would try to pick out the big dipper, referred to as “Saptarshi Mandal”, collection of seven great sages in the Hindu astronomy. On one such evening, he told me the story of Rahu and Ketu. In Hindu mythology, Rahu is a severed head of a demon (asura) that swallows the sun resulting in solar eclipses.  Even then as a child I knew it was a tall story but somehow Rahu existed in my “Neverland”.  Rahu is one of the planets in the Vedic Astrology and is paired with Ketu. Rahu is still worshipped in Burma and also recited by the Buddhist Monks as prayers of protection. Our evenings would end with a very reluctant me sent to bed inside the hot stuffy house. Those were my happiest childhood memories.
 
Sreeja (my daughter) and I started following the weather forecast very closely. Although the indications were good, however we had our fingers crossed until “D day”.  It turned out to be a perfect autumn afternoon. The crisp fall weather, blue sky, the riot of flamboyant, extravagant colours of maple leaves was a real feast for the eyes.  Just on cue, Chris confirmed that “it’s a Go”, in other words they were going ahead with their plans of meeting up to view the solar eclipse. We joined rest of the team at Bayview reservoir, north of Thornlea School a shade past five in the afternoon. There were number of telescopes, solar gears, compact cameras lined up on the field while Karen Mortfield and Chris Vaughan shared with us some eclipse eye glasses. We took our first look at the sun through the telescope and also the eclipse wayfarers. It was interesting to watch and learn about the sunspots, which are solar storms as big as the Jupiter and also solar flares. I was reminded of the enormity of the star at the centre of the solar system.

At 5:39 PM, Bill announced the first contact, and we watched the moon touching the first chord on sun’s face. The excitement behind the telescopes was evident on the spectators as they clapped and cheered. The moon slowly poised to “take a bite” out of sun!  Partway through this performance the weather turned from cool and windy to cold and windy. The sun’s dance with the moon slowly went down the horizon. Few trees, power lines, birds and aircraft transit gave a dramatic makeover.
We were amazed with the cosmic shadow dance and retuned home with a big smile. Sreeja and I decorated the house with candles and celebrated a memorable Diwali evening with prawn curry meal followed by a Rasamalai dessert.
 Special thanks to Chris Vaughan, Bill Longo, Nicole Mortillaro, Paul and Karen Mortfield, Phil and Lora Chow (and Skeena), Stu McNair, Paul D'Amelio and kids, Mike Crabtree, Genevieve, Emma, Melanie, and Coralee Seabrooke, Joe Ebidia

Photos by Joe Ebidia, Fatima Kazmi and Debjani